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What are the axis of bioethics and medical ethics?

What are the axis of bioethics and medical ethics?


       There are many topics that bioethics addresses through study and ethical analysis. In connection with its meaning, bioethics is concerned with all fields of biology, from plant life to advanced human life. As for the historical point of view, researchers have restricted it to the field of health and human life, meaning the world of medicine and health in their general sense. This is in addition to ecology, but some topics have been agreed upon by most researchers, which they divided into three sections:

What is the axis of bioethics and medical ethics?
What are the axis of bioethics and medical ethics?

What is the central nucleus of the bioethics?

       The ethical problems raised by the following topics:
- Genetic counseling, early diagnosis, early medical check-ups, miscarriage, and uterine killing of fetuses.
- Sperm banks, artificial fertilization, surrogate mothers, and IVF.
- Gene management, reproduction, mutilation, and genetic records.
- Eugenics, sterilization of the handicapped, and sexual transitions.
- Human organ donation and planting animal organs for humans.
- Insist on continuing treatment, treatment in the final stages of life, stopping treatment, and uterine death.
- AIDS or acquired immune deficiency syndrome.
- Researches about the human genome, and experiments on human embryos and tissues.
- Psychotherapy with drugs, neurosurgery, and neurochemistry.
- Epidemiological research, public health, and limited resources.

Topics related to the central nucleus of bioethics that imposes moral reasoning:

- Birth controland all methods and technics of contraception.
- Animal searches, patents, and ecology.
- Indications of the human body, the perception of health and disease, the implications of medicine and disease, medicine, and reproduction.
- The relationship of ethics to technological science, the relationship of ethics to law, the relationship of ethics to human rights.

       However, there're many topics related to human life and health, the field of medicine and biology, and others related to contemporary ethics. However, some believe that the expansion of the field of bioethics should not be carried out simply because the term has become increasingly popular. Can we not be convinced, for example, of the importance of the topics of environmental ethics, and war and peace ethics without including them in bioethics?

A three-dimensional comparison of bioethics:

       Bioethics is concerned with personal cases, and thus with the personal decision of the patient and his health interferers. It's also concerned with the dialogue that takes place between them and the decision they ultimately reach. It's also interesting in the researcher's thinking and contemplation about possible topics for research, which are known as the field of micro-ethics. However, bioethics give the same attention to the impact of these decisions on society, and the influence of society on the decisions of individuals. Bioethics is concerned with the balance between individual rights and the social and legal bodies that need to be established. In other words, the structural conditions for the promotion of individuals and societies, and the social, economic, political, and cultural space for individual decisions. This's the field of macro-ethics.

       It must be noted here that the matter is not related to separate parts, but to bio-cultural dimensions, i.e. prospects that are always present, albeit unevenly. Abortion and genetic counseling, for example, are issues that concern individuals primarily. However, they are also reflected in society as a whole. On the other hand, public health is a social issue that cannot be overlooked by individuals.

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